ADSS 1.67 UK Legation to Maglione: UK and Franco-Italian and Polish tensions

ADSS 1.67 UK Legation to Luigi Maglione, Sec State

Reference: AES 4080/39

Location and date: Rome, 21.06.1939

Summary statement: Replying to a message from Maglione, Lord Halifax states that the UK has insisted on trying to arrange Franco-Italian talks and to persuade Poland to take a moderate attitude towards Danzig.

Language: French

Text:

CONFIDENTIAL

Lord Halifax has deeply appreciated the friendly message sent by his Eminence Cardinal Maglione on behalf also of His Holiness. (1)

Regarding the Franco-Italian issue, His Majesty’s Government, in its own interest as well as in the interest of world peace is as eager as the Britain to see an improvement in the relations between Italy and France.  There are, however, serious difficulties, for which France is not solely responsible. (2) Lord Halifax wishes that his Eminence be informed very confidentially that wishes that the British government already has had several communications with the French government in the sense suggested by his Eminence (that is, to recommend the opening of negotiations on the Italian claims), but so far has been unable to modify France’s attitude (3).  The British government does not think that this is a favourable moment for another approach to Paris, but it will not fail to take the opportunity to do so at the first propitious moment.

Regarding Danzig the British Government are doing, and will continue to do, all they can to recommend moderation to Warsaw, and will not miss any opportunity to help in reaching a reasonable solution.  If there are any new developments they will immediately inform the Holy See and will consult with it on the possibilities offered by the situation. (4)

Notes: 

(1) ADSS 1.65

(2) DBFP, 3^rd Series, Volume 6, n32, p32.

(3) Italian claims to Tunisia, Corsica etc.

(4) DBFP, op cit.

ADSS 3.2.522 Orsenigo to Maglione: KL Ravensbruck

This report sent to Rome by Cesare Orsenigo, is one of the few direct references to concentration camps found in ADSS.  It is also the only reference to medical experiments.  It is another dimension of the range of topics covered in Volume 3 of ADSS that is interesting for its decided lack of documentation regarding the persecution of the Jews.  Also of interest is Orsenigo's comment relaying Cardinal Bertram's belief that too many questions about the goings on in the camp would invite unwanted police attention.

ADSS 3.2.522 Cesare Orsenigo, Germany to Maglione

Reference: Report 2561 (52.748), AES 4076/43.

Location and date: Berlin, 15.06.1943

Summary statement: Sends news received of KL Ravensbrück.  News of Polish women in the KL is true.  Cannot confirm rumours of medical experiments.

Language: Italian

Text:

With reference to the dispatch, number 2057/43, of Your Eminence of 2 April last, you instructed me to gather information concerning the treatment, for the purposes of experiments, performed on interned Polish women in Ravensbrück concentration camp in Mecklenburg.

News of the existence of the camp holding Polish women is true.

However it is not possible to confirm information concerning possible treatments contrary to Christian morality. The few trusted Germans with whom I have expressed my doubts very cautiously, given the delicacy of the subject, have concluded that experiments do take place, that they are conducted in an evil manner on the subjects (2).

I was not satisfied, so I cautiously aired a course of enquiry with the episcopate, on the assumption that with a few senior competent people appropriate queries could be made with the Director of the Concentration Camps.  I made my first proposal to his Eminence, Cardinal Adolf Bertram, archbishop of Breslau, but he advised me that such an investigation, even if well presented, would have little chance of success, and would lead the police to conduct a counter-investigation to find out who leaked the news and what documents had been created to make the claims credible.

I will do my best to continue investigating this matter in order to verify the news and then act accordingly.

Notes:

(1) See ADSS 3.2.492

(2) http://individual.utoronto.ca/jarekg/Ravensbruck/Introduction.html

Ravensbrück was opened in November 1938 as the primary concentration camp for women and children.  About 130,000 women and children passed through the camp.  The number of survivors is estimated from15,000 to 32,000.  The largest group of women were Polish.  Medical experiments were conducted from the summer of 1942 onwards.  The Red Army liberated the camp on 30.04.1945.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravensbr%C3%BCck_concentration_camp