Showing posts with label Christmas 1939. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Christmas 1939. Show all posts

Thursday, September 29, 2016

ADSS 1.238 Maglione to Micara: Christmas truce appeal failed


ADSS 1.238 Luigi Maglione, Sec State, to Clemente Micara, Belgium.

Reference: AES 9358/39

Location and date: Vatican, 31.12.1939

Summary statement: Pope tried to obtain a Christmas truce without success.

Language: Italian

Text:

Your Excellency’s report number 16.776 regarding the Christmas truce arrived here on the evening of 25 December, together with the enclosed letters of Count Capelle (1)

I might add however that in observance of the Revered orders of the Holy Father this Secretariat of State had taken the necessary steps to bring about the total suspension of hostilities during Christmas Day.

But the Supreme Pontiff’s fatherly initiative has not been accepted and the beneficial results which were expected from it have unfortunately been frustrated.

Notes: 

(1) Micara forwarded a letter of Robert Capelle (1889-1974), secretary of King Leopold III (1934-47) which in turn was a request from the Florez Fund (146 rue de l’Universite, Paris) asking for a Christmas truce.  Domenico Tardini wrote on the letter: “It arrived on Christmas Day – 26.12.39 – To be answered.  Received 25th evening.  The Holy See has already taken the initiative for the truce but …” On the subject of the truce there was also the letter of Abbot Primate Fidelis de Stotzingen (1871-1947) of Sant’ Anselmo, Rome (1913-47).

ADSS 1.236 Maglione to Cicognani: response to FDR


ADSS 1.236 Luigi Maglione, Sec State, to Amleto Cicognani, Ap Del USA.

Reference: Telegram 189 (ASS 9474)

Location and date: Vatican, 24.12.1939

Summary statement: Pope sends his thanks to FDR for his message and the appointment of Myron Taylor.

Language: Italian

Text:

Received coded telegram number 300 and open telegram (1).

Auspicious message of President Roosevelt has been gratefully received by His Holiness because of the origin, and noble sentiments which inspire it and the spiritual and civil benefits which give rise to hope of peace.

The august Pontiff, while proposing to answer this important and noble document personally, instructs Your Excellency to express, through the good offices of Mons. Spellman, Archbishop of New York, his deep gratitude to the President for the appointment of an envoy with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary in the person of Mr Myron Taylor, whom he will be pleased to receive with all honour due to the dignity of the important mission entrusted to him.  He also invokes on the Eve of Christmas, the Supreme Assistance of Almighty God on the first citizen of the great Republic and on the entire American nation.

I ask Your Excellency to advise if before sending official reply to message we should await the receipt of written text or if the President intended to send telegraphic transmission only.


Notes: 

(1) ADSS 1.232

ADSS 1.235 Christmas Address of Pius XII


ADSS 1.235 Pius XII Christmas Address

Reference: ASS, XXXI (1940), pp5-13.

Location and date: Vatican, 24.12.1939

Summary statement: After spoken of the joy of Christmas and the last message of Pope Pius XI, the Pope draws attention to the horrors of the present war, the violation of human rights and his efforts to prevent it.  Sets out the prerequisites for a just and lasting peace.

Language: Italian

Text: readily available in Italian.


Notes: 


Wednesday, September 28, 2016

ADSS 1.233 FDR to Pius XII: Christmas greeting


Volume and Document Number: ADSS 1.233 President Roosevelt to Pope Pius XII

Reference: Telegram 7 (AES 9659/39); Wartime Correspondence, pp17-19; FRUS 1939, Volume 1, p871.

Location and date: Washington, 23.12.1939

Summary statement: Christmas greetings.  Informs the Pope of the appointment of Myron Taylor as his personal representative to HS.

Language: English


Text:

Your Holiness:  
Because, at this Christmas time, the world is in sorrow, it is especially fitting that I send 
you a message of greeting and of faith.  
The world has created for itself a civilization capable of giving to mankind security and 
peace firmly set in the foundations of religious teachings. Yet, though it has conquered 
the earth, the sea, and even the air, civilization today passes through war and travail.  
I take heart in remembering that in a similar time, Isaiah first prophesied the birth of 
Christ. Then, several centuries before His coming, the condition of the world was not 
unlike that which we see today. Then, as now, a conflagration had been set; and nations
 walked dangerously in the light of the fires they had themselves kindled. But in that very
moment a spiritual rebirth was foreseen, a new day which was to loose the captives and 
to consume the conquerors in the fire of their own kindling; and those who had taken the
 sword were to perish by the sword. There was promised a new age wherein through 
renewed faith the upward progress of the human race would become more secure.  
Again, during the several centuries, which we refer to as the Dark Ages, the flame and 
sword of barbarians swept over Western civilization; and, again, through a rekindling of 
the inherent spiritual spark in mankind, another rebirth brought back order and culture 
and religion.  
I believe that the travail of today is a new form of these old conflicts. Because the tempo
of all worldly things has been so greatly accelerated in these modern days we can hope
that the period of darkness and destruction will be vastly shorter than in the olden times.  
In their hearts men decline to accept, for long, the law of destruction forced upon them by
wielders of brute force. Always they seek, sometimes in silence, to find again the faith 
without which the welfare of nations and the peace of the world cannot be rebuilt.  
I have the rare privilege of reading the letters and confidences of thousands of humble 
people, living in scores of different nations. Their names are not known to history, but 
their daily work and courage carry on the life of the world. I know that these, and 
uncounted numbers like them in every country, are looking for a guiding light. We 
remember that the Christmas Star was first seen by shepherds in the hills, long before 
the leaders knew of the Great Light which had entered the world.  
I believe that while statesmen are considering a new order of things, the new order may
well be at hand. I believe that it is even now being built, silently but inevitably, in the 
hearts of masses whose voices are not heard, but whose common faith will write the final
history of our time. They know that unless there is belief in some guiding principle and so
me trust in a divine plan, nations are without light, and peoples perish. They know that 
the civilization handed down to us by our fathers was built by men and women who knew
in their hearts that all were brothers because they were children of God. They believe 
that by His will enmities can be healed; that in His mercy the weak can find deliverance, 
and the strong can find grace in helping the weak.  
In the grief and terror of the hour, these quiet voices, if they can be heard, may yet tell 
of the re/building of the world.  
It is well that the world should think of this at Christmas.  
Because the people of this nation have come to a realization that time and distance no 
longer exist in the older sense, they understand that that which harms one segment of 
humanity harms all the rest. They know that only by friendly association between the 
seekers of light and the seekers of peace everywhere can the forces of evil be
overcome.  
In these present moments, no spiritual leader, no civil leader can move forward on a 
specific plan to terminate destruction and build anew. Yet the time for that will surely 
come.   It is, therefore, my thought that though no given action or given time may now be
prophesied, it is well that we encourage a closer association between those in every part
of the world those in religion and those in government who have a common purpose.
  
I am, therefore, suggesting to Your Holiness that it would give me great satisfaction to 
send to You my personal representative in order that our parallel endeavours for peace 
and the alleviation of suffering may be assisted.   When the time shall come for the 
re-establishment of world peace on a surer foundation, it is of the utmost importance to 
humanity and to religion that common ideals shall have united expression.  
Furthermore, when that happy day shall dawn, great problems of practical import will face
us all. Millions of people of all races, all nationalities and all religions may seek new lives
by migration to other lands or by reestablishment of old homes.  Here, too, common 
ideals call for parallel action.   I trust, therefore, that all of the churches of the world which
believe in a common God will throw the great weight of their influence into this great 
cause. 
To You, whom I have the privilege of calling a good friend and an old friend, I send my 
respectful greetings at this Christmas Season.  
Cordially yours,
FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT

Notes: site accessed 16.04.2016.